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A step-up transformer is designed to increase the voltage of an electrical signal while decreasing the current. This characteristic makes it particularly suitable for power transmission over long distances. When electricity is transmitted at higher voltages, the energy loss due to resistance in the wires is significantly reduced, allowing for efficient transmission of power over vast distances from power plants to substations.

In contrast, other applications such as low-power devices, home appliances, and battery chargers typically require lower voltages for operation, which often utilize step-down transformers or work directly with the input voltage without the need for transformation. Therefore, the use of a step-up transformer in power transmission is crucial for maintaining efficiency and minimizing losses in the electrical grid.